migraine (n.) - recurring vascular headache, occurring more frequently in women. The cause is unknown, but the pain is associated with dilation of blood vessels. Allergic reactions, menstruation, alcohol, or relaxation after a period of stress often triggers attacked. A typical attack, which may last from several hours to several days, starts with an episode of visual disturbances (e.g. aura or flashing lights), numbness, tingling, vertigo, or other sensations, followed by the onset of severe, usually unilateral pain, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, irritability, and fatigue. Ergotamine preparations that constrict the arteries are helpful if taken at the onset of an attack; aspirin does not usually provide relief. Also called megrim; hemicrania.
ergotamine (n). - ergot alkaloid that causes constriction of blood vessels and contraction of the uterine muscles and is used to treat migraine and postpartum lack of muscle tone in the uterus.
ergot (n.) - fungus (
Claviceps purpurea) that infects wheat, rye, and other cereal grains. It produces several alkaloids (ergonovine, ergotamine) used in medicine. Ingestion of food with ergot causes ergotism.
ergotism (n.) - ergot poisoning, resulting from prolonged or excessive use of ergot-containing drugs or from accidental ingestion of ergot-contaminated food. Symptoms include excessive thirst, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramping, abnormal cardiac rhythms, and, if severe, seizures and gangrene of the extremities.
ergonovine (n.) - ergot preparation used to contract the uterus to prevent or treat hemorrhage following childbirth or abortion.